Mechanical interaction of the egg parasitoid Anastatus bifasciatus (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) with artificial substrates and its host egg

Egg parasitoids play an important role in biological control of pest species attacking and killing their hosts at early stage development. During the antagonistic coevolution with hosts, egg have developed a great ability to locate host using chemical cues. A considerable amount literature is available on this topic, while nothing known about possible adaptation topography mechanical properties surface features its shape when attaching for oviposition. In present investigation, attachment adults both sexes parasitoid Anastatus bifasciatus (Hymenoptera: Eupelmidae) artificial (polishing paper, flat glass, glass beads as dummies egg) natural surfaces (eggs Halyomorpha halys Nezara viridula , Heteroptera: Pentatomidae), different roughness wettability, was measured centrifugal force tester traction experiments. The devices were examined under cryo scanning electron microscope, wettability substrates characterised. We detected differences two sexes. collected data revealed special female attach eggs species, thus suggesting A. during